【原文】

 

子問「公叔文子(1)」於公明賈(2),曰:「信乎?夫子(3)不言不笑不取乎?」公明賈對曰:「以告者過也!夫子時然後言,人不厭其言;樂然後笑,人不厭其笑;義然後取,人不厭其取。」子曰:「其然!豈其然乎(4)?」

【英文】

The Master asked Gong-ming Jia about Kung-shu Wen-zi, “Is it true that your Master never spoke, never laughed and never took anything?”

Gong-mingJia answered, “Whoever told you that exaggerated. My Master spoke only when it was time for him to speak. So people never grew tired of his speaking. He laughed only when he was feeling happy. So people never grew tired of his laughing. He took only when it was right for him to take. So people never grew tired of his taking.”

The Master said, “Can that really be the right explanation for the way he was, I wonder?”

 

【注釋】

(1)公叔文子,衛大夫公孫拔,《左傳》做公孫發,蓋同ㄧ人。諡文。

(2)公明賈,公明姓,賈名,亦衛人。

(3)夫子,指公孫拔。

(4)其然豈其然乎,言文子雖賢,疑未及此。

【翻譯】

孔子問公明賈關於公叔文子的為人,說:「的確這樣嗎?公孫大夫平常不苟言笑,不貪取嗎?」公明賈回答說:「這是傳話人說說得太過分了!公孫大夫應該說話的時候才說話,因此人家不會討厭他說得話;快樂的時候才笑,所以別人不討厭他的笑;該獲取的才獲取,因此別人不厭惡他獲取。」孔子說:「是這樣嗎!他真能做到這樣嗎?」

【主旨】言衛大夫公孫拔之言行。

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【參考文獻】

1、譚家哲,《論語平解》,〈學而〉,大雁文化事業,2012。

2、《新譯四書讀本》,〈學而〉,三民書局,2009。

3、網頁http://www.taiwanus.net/E/E_4/E_4_14.htm

4、楊伯峻  今譯,劉殿爵  英譯,《論語》(Confucius The Analects),聯經出版事業,Chinese-English edition,2009。

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