【原文】

 

陳成子(1)弒簡公(2)。孔子沐浴而朝(3),告於哀公曰:「陳恆弒其君,請討之。」公曰:「告夫三子(4)。」孔子曰:「以吾從大夫之後,不敢不告(5)也!君曰:『告夫三子。』者!」之三子告,不可。孔子曰:「以吾從大夫子後,不敢不告也!」

【英文】

Chen Cheng Zi killed Duke Jian. After washing himself ceremonially, Confucius went to court and reported to Duke Ai, saying, “Chen Heng has killed his lord. May I request that an army be sent to punish him?”

The Duke answered,”Tell the three noble lords.”

Confucius said, “I have reported this to you simply because I have a duty to do so, seeing that I take my place after the Counsellors, and now you say, ‘Tell the three noble lords.’”

He went and reported to the three noble lords, and they refused his request. Confucius said, “I have reported this to you simply because I have a duty to do so, seeing that I take my place after the Counsellors.”

 

【注釋】

(1)陳成子,齊大夫,名恆。

(2)簡公,齊君,名壬。

(3)沐浴而朝,適時孔子致士居魯,沐浴齋戒以告君,重其事。

(4)三子,三家,時政在三大夫家,哀公不得自專。

(5)不敢不告,言弒君之賊,法所必討,大夫謀國,義所當告。

【翻譯】

齊大夫陳成子弒殺齊簡公。孔子齋戒沐浴後上朝,告訴魯哀公說:「陳恆殺了他的國君,請君上出兵討伐他。」哀公說:「你去告訴孟孫、叔孫、季孫三大夫吧!」孔子退朝後對別人說:「因為我曾忝為大夫,這種大事,不敢不告訴國君啊!但是君上卻對我說:『去告訴三家大夫吧!』」孔子前往告訴三家大夫,三家大夫都不肯出兵討伐。孔子說:「因為我忝為大夫,這種大事,依禮不敢不告啊!」

【主旨】孔子惡無道之事。

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【參考文獻】

1、譚家哲,《論語平解》,〈學而〉,大雁文化事業,2012。

2、《新譯四書讀本》,〈學而〉,三民書局,2009。

3、網頁http://www.taiwanus.net/E/E_4/E_4_14.htm

4、楊伯峻  今譯,劉殿爵  英譯,《論語》(Confucius The Analects),聯經出版事業,Chinese-English edition,2009。

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