【原文】

 

子游曰:「子夏之門人小子,當洒掃應對(1)進退,則可矣,抑(2)末也。本之則無,如之何?」子夏聞之曰:「噫!言游過矣!君子之道,孰先傳焉?孰後倦焉(3)?譬諸草木,區以別矣(4)。君子之道,焉可誣也(5)?有始有卒(6)者,其惟聖人乎?」

【英文】

Zi-you said, “The disciples and younger followers of Zi-xia can certainly cope with the task of sweeping and cleaning, of responding to calls and replying to questions put to them, and of coming forward and withdrawing, but these are only trifling matters. On what is basic they are wanting. What can one do about this?”

When Zi-xia heard this, he said, “Oh! how mistaken Yan You is! In the way of the gentleman, what should be taught first and what should come afterwards are as clearly distinguished as grasses and trees. How can one give a false account of the way of the gentleman. It is, perhaps, the sage alone who, having started something, will always see it through to the end.”

 

【注釋】

(1)應對,應言對答。

(2)抑,可是。轉連接詞。

(3)孰先傳焉孰後倦焉,言君子之道,非以其末為先而傳之,非以其本為後而倦教。傳,傳授。倦,厭倦。

(4)譬諸草木區以別矣,言教人亦如栽種各種草木,必加以區分溉種。

(5)焉可誣也,言教人宜因材施教,豈可不問深淺而概以高且遠者,強而語之,則是欺罔之。誣,欺罔。

(6)有始有卒,言有始有終,由淺入深,教人有序也。

【翻譯】

子游說:「子夏的學生,做些灑掃庭院、應答賓客,進退儀節的工作,是可以的,可是這些只末節。至於做人根本的道理卻沒有學到,這怎麼可以?」子夏聽說後,便說:「唉,子游的話錯了!君子教人,那些是放在前面教授的呢?那些是放在後面,教倦了就不教了呢?好比栽種草木一樣,要加以區別。君子教人,怎麼可以不分先後深淺來欺騙人呢?有始有終、有本有末,只有聖人才能做到啊!。」

【主旨】論人學業有先後之法。

 ------------------------------------------------

 

------------------------------------------------

【參考文獻】

1、譚家哲,《論語平解》,〈學而〉,大雁文化事業,2012。

2、《新譯四書讀本》,〈學而〉,三民書局,2009。

3、網頁http://www.taiwanus.net/E/E_4/E_4_09.htm

4、楊伯峻  今譯,劉殿爵  英譯,《論語》(Confucius The Analects),聯經出版事業,Chinese-English edition,2009。

arrow
arrow
    全站熱搜

    少年機 發表在 痞客邦 留言(0) 人氣()