【原文】

 

子華(1)使於齊,冉子為其母請粟。子曰:「與之釜(2)。」請益。曰:「與之庾(3)。」冉子與之粟五秉(4)。子曰:「之適(5)齊也,乘肥馬,衣輕裘。吾聞之也:君子周急不繼富(6)。」原思(7)為之宰(8),與之粟九百(9),辭(10)。子曰:「毋(11)!以與爾鄰里鄉黨乎!」

【英文】

Ran Zi asked for grain for the mother of Zi-hua who was away on a mission to Qi. The Master said, “Give her one fu.” Ran Zi asked for more. “Give her one yu” Ran Zi gave her five bing of grain.

The Master said, “Chi went off to Qi in a carriage drawn by well-fed horses and was wearing light furs. I have heard it said, ‘A gendeman gives to help the needy and not to maintain the rich in style.”

On becoming his steward, Yuan Si was given nine hundred measures of grain which he declined. The Master said, “Can you not find a use for it in helping the people in your neighborhood?”

 

【注釋】

(1)子華,公西赤,字子華。孔子弟子。

(2)釜,六斗四升為一釜。

(3)庾,二斗四升為一庾。

(4)秉,十六斛為一秉,一斛十斗。

(5)適,前往。

(6)周急不繼富,言,周濟困急者之不足,不續富有者之有餘。

(7)原思,姓原名憲,字思,孔子弟子。

(8)為之宰,孔子為魯司寇時,以原思為家宰。

(9)九百,九百斗也。

(10)辭,辭讓不受。

(11)毋,禁止辭。

【翻譯】

公西赤出使齊國,冉有替公西赤的母親請求小米。孔子說:「給他六斗四升。」冉有請求增加一些。孔子說:「再給他二斗四升。」 結果冉有竟給了他八百斗。孔子說:「公西赤到齊國去,坐的是肥馬駕的車輛,穿的是又輕又暖的皮袍。我聽說過:君子周濟急需而不給富人添富。」 原思任孔子家的總管,孔子給他小米九百斗作俸祿,原思覺得太多,推辭不受。孔子說:「不要推辭!把多餘的送給你的鄰里鄉親的窮人吧!」

【主旨】論中道,論財物之中道。

 

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【參考文獻】

1、譚家哲,《論語平解》,〈學而〉,大雁文化事業,2012。

2、《新譯四書讀本》,〈學而〉,三民書局,2009。

3、網頁http://www.taiwanus.net/E/E_4/E_4_06.htm

4、楊伯峻  今譯,劉殿爵  英譯,《論語》(Confucius The Analects),聯經出版事業,Chinese-English edition,2009。

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