close

 

【原文】

 

子貢問「政」。子曰:「足食,足兵,民信之矣(1)。」子貢曰:「必不得已而去(2),於斯三者何先?」曰:「去兵。」子貢曰:「必不得已而去,於斯二者何先?」曰:「去食;自古皆有死;民無信不立(3)。」

【英文】

Zi-gong asked about government. The Master said, “Give them enough food, give them enough arms, and the common people will have trust in you.”

Zi-gong said, “If one had to give up one of these three, which should one give up first?”

“Give up arms.”

Zi-gong said, “If one had to give up one of the remaining two, which should one give up first?”

“Give up food. Death has always been with us since the beginning of time, but when there is no trust, the common people will not be able to stand on their feet.”

 

【注釋】

(1)足食足兵民信之矣,言廩實,而軍備修,然後教化行,而民信於我。兵,兵器;軍備。

(2)去,去掉,減除。

(3)民無信不立,言治邦不可失信於民,失信於民,則政教無以建立。

【翻譯】

子貢問怎樣怎樣治理政事。孔子說:「備足糧食,充實軍備,然後使人民信任政府。」子貢說:「如果迫不得已要去掉一項,在這三項之中先去掉哪一項呢?」孔子說:「去掉軍備。」子貢又問:「如果迫不得已在剩下的兩項中,應該先去哪一項呢?」孔子回答說:「去掉糧食。因為,自古以來誰也免不了死亡,假使人民不信任政府,國家的威信就建立不起來。」

【主旨】為政之道,在於政府能得到民眾之信任為可貴。

 ------------------------------------------------

 

------------------------------------------------

【參考文獻】

1、譚家哲,《論語平解》,〈學而〉,大雁文化事業,2012。

2、《新譯四書讀本》,〈學而〉,三民書局,2009。

3、網頁http://www.taiwanus.net/E/E_4/E_4_12.htm

4、楊伯峻  今譯,劉殿爵  英譯,《論語》(Confucius The Analects),聯經出版事業,Chinese-English edition,2009。

 

arrow
arrow
    全站熱搜

    少年機 發表在 痞客邦 留言(0) 人氣()