【原文】

 

樊遲請學稼(1),子曰:「吾不如老農。」請學為圃(2),曰:「吾不如老圃。」樊遲出,子曰:「小人(3)哉,樊須也!上好禮,則民莫敢不敬;上好義,則民莫敢不服(4);上好信,則民莫敢不用情(5)。夫如是,則四方之民,襁(6)負其子而至矣;焉用稼!」

【英文】

Fan Chi asked to be taught how to grow crops. The Master said, “I am not as good as an old farmer.” He asked to be taught how to grow vegetables. “I am not as good as an old gardener.”

When Fan Chi left, the Master said, “How petty Fan Xu is! When those above love the rites, none of the common people will dare be irreverent; when they love what is right, none of the common people will dare not to submit; when they love trustworthiness, none of the common people will dare not to show their true colours. In this way, the common people from the four quarters will come with their children strapped on their backs. What need is there to talk about growing crops?”

 

【注釋】

(1)稼,樹植五穀。

(2)圃,種植菜蔬。

(3)小人,謂細民。不識大體,志氣平庸之小民。

(4)服,服從。

(5)用情,情,誠實。猶言民以誠實對其上。

(6)襁,織縷為之,用以負小兒於背者。

【翻譯】

樊遲請學種五穀的方法。孔子說:「我不如老農夫。」又請求學種蔬菜的方法。孔子說:「我不如菜農。」樊遲退出去,孔子說:「真是個不識大體的小民,樊須啊!在上位的人好禮,民眾就不敢不恭敬;在上位的人好義,民眾不敢不服從;在上位的人好信,民眾就不敢不誠實效力。能做到這樣子,四方的人民,都會背負著他們的孩子來歸服你,何必自己去種五穀呢?」

【主旨】禮、義、信為治民之要。

 

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【參考文獻】

1、譚家哲,《論語平解》,〈學而〉,大雁文化事業,2012。

2、《新譯四書讀本》,〈學而〉,三民書局,2009。

3、網頁http://www.taiwanus.net/E/E_4/E_4_13.htm

4、楊伯峻  今譯,劉殿爵  英譯,《論語》(Confucius The Analects),聯經出版事業,Chinese-English edition,2009。

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