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【原文】

 

孔子曰:「益者三樂(1),損者三樂;樂節禮樂(2),樂道人之善,樂多賢友,益矣。樂驕樂(3),樂佚遊(4),樂宴樂(5),損矣。」

【英文】

Confucius said, “He stands to benefit who takes pleasure in three kinds of things. Equally, he stands to lose who takes pleasure in three other kinds of things. To take pleasure in the correct regulation of the rites and music, in singing the praises of other men’s goodness and in having a large number of excellent men as friends is to benefit. To take pleasure in showing off, in a dissolute life and in food and drink is to lose.”

 

【注釋】

(1)樂,心有所喜好。

(2)節禮樂,謂凡所動作,皆得禮樂之節也。

(3)驕樂,以侈肆驕縱為樂。

(4)佚遊,閒散遊蕩,出入不節也。

(5)宴樂,耽荒淫溺之樂。

【翻譯】

孔子說:「使人受益的有三種喜好,使人受損的的也有三種喜好:愛好行事以禮樂為節度,愛好稱道別人的好處,愛好多交接有賢德的朋友,都可以使人受益;愛好意氣驕慢以為樂,愛好閒散遊蕩,愛好沉迷酒食以為樂,都可以使人受損。」

【主旨】言人心好樂有損有益,戒人當謹慎之。

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【參考文獻】

1、譚家哲,《論語平解》,〈學而〉,大雁文化事業,2012。

2、《新譯四書讀本》,〈學而〉,三民書局,2009。

3、網頁http://www.taiwanus.net/E/E_4/E_4_16.htm

4、楊伯峻  今譯,劉殿爵  英譯,《論語》(Confucius The Analects),聯經出版事業,Chinese-English edition,2009。

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